安装
前言
If you don't use the standalone script or @pnpm/exe
to install pnpm, then you need to have Node.js (at least v16.14) to be installed on your system.
使用独立脚本安装
即使没有安装 Node.js,也可以使用以下脚本安装 pnpm。
Windows
使用 PowerShell:
iwr https://get.pnpm.io/install.ps1 -useb | iex
在 POSIX 系统 上
curl -fsSL https://get.pnpm.io/install.sh | sh -
如果您没有安装 curl,也可以使用 wget:
wget -qO- https://get.pnpm.io/install.sh | sh -
You may use the pnpm env command then to install Node.js.
使用 Corepack 安装
Since v16.13, Node.js is shipping Corepack for managing package managers. 这是一项实验性功能,因此您需要通过运行如下脚本来启用它:
If you have installed Node.js with pnpm env
Corepack won't be installed on your system, you will need to install it separately. See #4029.
corepack enable pnpm
如果您已经使用Homebrew安装了Node.js,您需要单独安装Corepack:
brew install corepack
这会自动将pnpm安装在您的系统上。
你可以通过下列命令固定项目所用的 pnpm 版本:
corepack use pnpm@latest
This will add a "packageManager"
field in your local package.json
which will instruct Corepack to always use a specific version on that project. 如果您想要可复现性,这可能很有用,因为所有使用 Corepack 的开发人员都将使用与您相同的版本。 当一个新版本的 pnpm 发布时,您可以重新运行上述命令。
使用 npm 安装
We provide two packages of pnpm CLI, pnpm
and @pnpm/exe
.
pnpm
is a ordinary version of pnpm, which needs Node.js to run.@pnpm/exe
is packaged with Node.js into an executable, so it may be used on a system with no Node.js installed.
npm install -g pnpm
或者
npm install -g @pnpm/exe
是否要在 CI 服务器上使用 pnpm? See: Continuous Integration.
兼容性
以下是各版本 pnpm 与各版本 Node.js 之间的兼容性表格。
Node.js | pnpm 7 | pnpm 8 | pnpm 9 |
---|---|---|---|
Node.js 12 | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
Node.js 14 | ✔️ | ❌ | ❌ |
Node.js 16 | ✔️ | ✔️ | ❌ |
Node.js 18 | ✔️ | ✔️ | ✔️ |
Node.js 20 | ✔️ | ✔️ | ✔️ |
问题排查
如果 pnpm 损坏并且您无法通过重新安装来修复,您可能需要将其从 PATH 中手动删除。
Let's assume you have the following error when running pnpm install
:
C:\src>pnpm install
internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:883
throw err;
^
Error: Cannot find module 'C:\Users\Bence\AppData\Roaming\npm\pnpm-global\4\node_modules\pnpm\bin\pnpm.js'
←[90m at Function.Module._resolveFilename (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:880:15)←[39m
←[90m at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:725:27)←[39m
←[90m at Function.executeUserEntryPoint [as runMain] (internal/modules/run_main.js:72:12)←[39m
←[90m at internal/main/run_main_module.js:17:47←[39m {
code: ←[32m'MODULE_NOT_FOUND'←[39m,
requireStack: []
}
First, try to find the location of pnpm by running: which pnpm
. 如果您使用的是 Windows,请在 Git Bash 中运行此命令。
您将获得 pnpm 命令的位置,例如:
$ which pnpm
/c/Program Files/nodejs/pnpm
Now that you know where the pnpm CLI is, open that directory and remove any pnpm-related files (pnpm.cmd
, pnpx.cmd
, pnpm
, etc).
完成后,再次安装 pnpm。现在它应该按照预期正常工作。
使用更短的别名
pnpm
might be hard to type, so you may use a shorter alias like pn
instead.
在 POSIX 系统上添加永久别名
Just put the following line to your .bashrc
, .zshrc
, or config.fish
:
alias pn=pnpm
在 Powershell (Windows) 中添加永久别名:
在具有管理员权限的 Powershell 窗口中执行:
notepad $profile.AllUsersAllHosts
In the profile.ps1
file that opens, put:
set-alias -name pn -value pnpm
保存文件并关闭窗口。 您可能需要关闭所有打开的 Powershell 窗口才能使别名生效。
卸载 pnpm
If you need to remove the pnpm CLI from your system and any files it has written to your disk, see Uninstalling pnpm.